Ibikoresho by'imyenda idafunze byirukana imibu

1. Ishingiro ry'ibicuruzwa: Ibikoresho bitandukanye byiza, bikwiriye ahantu hatandukanye hadakoreshwa imibu

Ingaruka zo kurinda no guhangana n’aho ibintu bikorerwa bitewe n’uburyo ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mu gutunganya imibu biva ku guhitamo neza no gupima mu buryo bwa siyansi. Isosiyete yacu ihitamo imigozi itandukanye myiza nka polyester, viscose, ipamba, na fibre ya bamboo, kandi ihuza imiterere y’ikoreshwa n’ibisabwa mu bihe bitandukanye kugira ngo ikore ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gutunganya imibu biva ku migozi bifite imikorere y’ibanze ndetse n’uburyo bwo kuyitunganya, bityo igatanga uburyo bwo kuyitwara buhamye mu kurangiza ibikorwa bikurikira:

Fibre ya Polyester: Ituma substrate ikomera cyane, idacika intege, kandi ntikanywe amazi, igenzura ko substrate idahinduka cyangwa ngo ivunike byoroshye iyo ikoreshwa hanze (nk'amahema yirukana imibu, imyenda yo hanze) cyangwa nyuma yo kuyimesa kenshi; kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ikirere cyiza, ishobora kurwanya ingaruka z'izuba, imvura, n'ibindi ku bikoresho byirukana imibu, igenzura ko ingaruka zo kwirukana imibu zihoraho igihe kirekire, zikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gihe cyo hanze;

Fibre ya Viscose: Ifite ubushobozi bwo guhumeka neza no guhumeka, ishobora kwinjiza no kurekura vuba ibice byica imibu, igakora urwego rumwe rwo kurinda imibu, kandi kuyikoraho byoroshye kandi bifasha uruhu gutuma birushaho koroha iyo bigeze ku mubiri w'umuntu (nk'amaboko yica imibu, amashuka yica imibu y'abana), kwirinda ubushyuhe n'ihungabana, ikwiriye ahantu ho kurinda umubiri hafi;

Fibre y'Ipamba: Isanzwe, irinda ibidukikije, kandi ihura n'ibinyabuzima, nta gukara cyangwa impumuro mbi, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhumeka neza, ishobora gutwara buhoro buhoro ibikoresho byica imibu, hamwe n'uburyo bwo kurangiza imiti yica imibu, iba ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora imiti yica imibu ku babyeyi n'abana bato, ikwiriye ibintu bifite ibisabwa bikomeye kugira ngo umutekano n'ihumure birusheho kwiyongera;

Fibre y'imigano: Iza ifite udukoko karemano two kurwanya imibu (bamboo quinone), ishobora gufasha mu gukumira aho imibu yororokera, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhumeka neza no kwangiza ibidukikije, ijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuyikoresha mu buryo bwiza kandi buzira ingaruka mbi, hamwe n'uburyo bwo kuyikoresha mu kwirinda imibu, ikora "imiti yica imibu + antibacterial", ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu rugo rwo mu rwego rwo hejuru, imiti yica imibu y'abana, n'ibindi, ibintu bigamije guhuza imibu mu buryo bw'umwimerere n'imikorere yayo.

Duhindura igipimo cy'ibikoresho fatizo mu buryo bworoshye bitewe n'ibyo abakiriya bakeneye - ku bintu biramba nk'amahema yo hanze, imyenda irinda izuba, igipimo cya polyester gishobora kongerwa (nk'amatafari 70% ya polyester + 30% ya viscose), mu gihe ku bintu nk'amatafari yo kwirukana imibu y'abana, imyenda irinda imibu hafi y'umubiri, ipamba / imigozi y'umugano ni byo bitoranywa nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi. Buri gice cy'ibikoresho bikorerwamo igenzura ry'ibipimo byinshi (25-150g / ㎡ ihinduka, ubunini, imbaraga, guhumeka, nibindi) hamwe n'amakosa agenzurwa mu rugero ruto cyane kugira ngo habeho imikorere ihamye ya substrate, hashyirwaho urufatiro rukomeye rwo gushyira mu bikorwa neza inzira zo kwirukana imibu.

2. Uburyo bw'ibanze: "Icyuma cyo kwirukana imibu + Icyuma cyo kwirukana imibu", kugira ngo kigere ku buryo kidakoresha imibu igihe kirekire.

Igitambaro cyacu kidafunze gikurikiza neza uburyo bwo "gutegura substrate ya spunlace mbere na mbere, hanyuma kigatunganya irangi ry’imibu", kigahindura gahunda zo kurangiza neza hashingiwe ku miterere y’imiti itandukanye n’ibisabwa mu kuyirwanya. Binyuze mu kugenzura neza, bigeraho "substrate ihamye + umuti wica imibu umwe + ingaruka zirambye" inshuro eshatu, bigakumira cyane ukwinjira kw’imibu:

(1) Gutegura ikoreshwa rya spunlace mbere yo kuyivura: Kongera uburyo bwo gufata ibintu byica imibu

Mbere yo kurangiza umuti wica imibu, hakorwa ubuvuzi bwagenewe umuti ku gice cy’umubu cya spunlace kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo gufata ibintu bimwe no kugumana igihe kirekire: Ku bikoresho bifite ubushuhe bwinshi nka viscose, ipamba, n’imigozi ya bamboo, byuma mu bushyuhe buke (ku bushyuhe bwa 55-65℃) bikoreshwa mu gukuraho ubushuhe bwinshi ku buso, birinda ingaruka z’ubushuhe ku buryo ibice byica imibu byinjira, kandi bikarinda ibikoresho by’ibanze kugira ngo bitazatera ubushuhe bitewe n’ubushuhe, bigatuma habaho ahantu hahamye ho gutunganya umuti wica imibu;

Ku bikoresho by’ibanze bya fibre nk'iya polyester, ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya ubuso bwa plasma rikoreshwa kugira ngo rikore buhoro amatsinda y’imigozi akora ku buso, ryongere imbaraga zo gufatanya kw'ibice byirukana imibu ku migozi, rigabanye igihombo cy'ibice byirukana imibu mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha nyuma (nk'ubushyuhe, gukaraba mu mazi), no kongera igihe cyo kuyirukana.

(II) Isozwa ryiza ry'imibu: Umuti wica imibu ukozwe mu buryo bwihariye kandi burambye

Kwishingikiriza ku mirongo yihariye yo gukora imiti yica imibu, hakurikijwe ibyo abakiriya bakeneye ku bwoko bw’imibu irwanya imibu (nk’imibu irwanya imibu, ibihumyo), igihe kirekire (ikoreshwa mu rugo mu gihe gito, mu gihe kirekire), n’amatsinda y’abayikoresha (abantu bakuru, ababyeyi n’impinja), gukoresha ibikoresho byica imibu bitangiza ibidukikije (nk’ibinyabutabire bya DEET, Picaridin, amavuta y’ingenzi y’ibimera karemano) byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego rw’igihugu mu kurengera ibidukikije, gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyitunganya kugira ngo harebwe ingaruka nziza kandi zitekanye zo kuyica imibu:

Guhitamo ibice byica imibu: Hitamo neza ibice byica imibu bikurikiza amahame ya GB/T 30126-2013 "Gusuzuma no gusuzuma imikorere y'imibu irwanya imibu" — ku birebana n'ababyeyi n'impinja, amatsinda y'uruhu rworoshye, amavuta y'ibimera asanzwe arwanya imibu (nk'amavuta y'ibimera bya lemongrass, amavuta y'ibimera bya peppermint, amavuta y'ibimera akomoka kuri citronella) biratoranywa, hirindwa ububabare bw'uruhu; ku bijyanye no gukoreshwa igihe kirekire hanze, ibikoresho byica imibu bimara igihe kirekire kandi bifite uburozi buke (nk'urugero 5%-10% DEET, Picaridin) biratoranywa, hamwe n'ingaruka z'imibu zirwanya imibu zigera ku masaha 4-8, ibikoresho byose byica imibu byapimwe n'abandi, nta bisigazwa byangiza cyangwa impumuro mbi;

Uburyo bwo gukoresha ibice byirukana imibu: Hitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gukoresha hashingiwe ku miterere y'imigozi y'ibikoresho by'ibanze kugira ngo urebe neza ko ibice byirukana imibu bikwirakwizwa ku buso no imbere mu bikoresho by'ibanze:

Ku bijyanye n'imigozi ya viscose, ipamba, n'imigano ifite ubushuhe bwinshi, hakoreshwa uburyo bwa "kwinjira - gukamisha" (implantation - rolling dry), winjiza ibikoresho by'ibanze mu gikoresho cyirukana imibu (ingano y'ibice byirukana imibu ihinduka 0.8%-3% hakurikijwe ibisabwa), kugenzura ingano y'amazi binyuze mu gikoresho cyirukana (50%-70%), bigatuma igice cyirukana imibu cyinjira neza mu migozi kigakora "ububiko bw'imbere - gusohora hanze" igihe kirekire, birinda ingaruka mbi zo kwirukana imibu mu duce duto;

Ku bikoresho bya polyester n'ibindi bikoresho by'ibanze bifite ubushuhe buke, hakoreshwa uburyo bwo "gutera - kumisha", gutera igice cy'umubu wica imibu ku buryo bungana ku buso bw'ibikoresho by'ibanze binyuze mu ruziga rufite atomizing yo hejuru (ingano y'uduce 3-8μm), ingano yabyo (2-6g/㎡ ishobora guhindurwa) ikurikiranwa mu gihe nyacyo, hamwe n'umukandara wo kohereza kugira ngo habeho kugenda neza, hakarebwa ko nta gutera cyangwa gukusanya byabuze, kandi hagakorwa firime imwe yo gutera imibu ku buso bw'ibikoresho by'ibanze, bigahita bikoresha imbaraga zo gutera imibu;

Uburyo bwo kuvura no gushushanya: Nyuma yo gukoresha ibikoresho byica imibu, gahunda yihariye yo kuvura irahindurwa ku bikoresho byica imibu:

Ibikoresho byirukana imibu mu mavuta y’ibimera karemano byumye ku bushyuhe buri hasi (60-70℃) kugira ngo hirindwe ko amavuta y’ibimera yangirika bitewe n’ubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi icyarimwe, hifashishijwe kole idakomeye, bireba ko amavuta y’ibimera n’imigozi bivangwa, bigasohora buhoro buhoro impumuro irwanya imibu, bikagira ingaruka ku mibu imara amasaha 2-4;

Ibikoresho byica imibu nka DEET, Picaridin, nibindi bivurwa ku bushyuhe buringaniye (80-100℃), binyuze mu kugenzura ubushyuhe neza kugira ngo hongerwe isano hagati y’ibice byica imibu n’imigozi, birebe ko umuti udapfa kubura ibikoresho byica imibu nyuma yo gukaraba kenshi mu mazi (ku bikoresho bishobora gukaraba, igipimo cy’imibu cyica imibu gikomeza kuba ≥80% nyuma yo gukaraba inshuro 15), gushwanyagurika, kandi mu bihe byo gukoreshwa hanze, ingaruka zo kwica imibu zimara amasaha 4-8, kandi mu bihe byo mu rugo, zishobora kugumana ingaruka zo kwica imibu mu gihe cy’amezi 1-2.

III. Ibyiza by'umusaruro: Imiterere myinshi ihujwe, ikubaka uruzitiro rw'imibu itera imibu

Kubera ibikoresho by'ibanze bitandukanye byiza kandi binonosoye byo kurangiza umuti wica imibu, umwenda wacu utari uwo kuboha wica imibu ufite ibyiza byinshi by'ingenzi, ushobora guhinduka mu buryo bworoshye kugira ngo uhuze n'ibikenewe mu buryo butandukanye mu mirima itandukanye, ubaka ahantu hizewe kandi hatarangwamo imibu ihumanya ku bakoresha: Umuti wica imibu neza kandi neza: Igipimo cyo kwirukana imibu (nka Culex, Aedes, na Anopheles) ni ≥ 90%. Urashobora gukumira neza kurumwa n'imibu no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara ziterwa n'imibu nka dengue fever na malariya. Muri icyo gihe, ibice by'umuti wica imibu bishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa aho hantu, bigahuzwa neza n'ibikenewe bitandukanye nko kwirukana imibu n'ibihumyo. Ukora vuba mu bihe byo hanze kandi ugatanga uburinzi bw'igihe kirekire mu bihe byo mu rugo.

Uburyo bukomeye bwo guhuza ibikoresho: Bikubiyemo ibintu bitandukanye nka polyester, viscose, ipamba, na fibre ya bamboo. Amahitamo y'ibikoresho ashobora gutoranywa mu buryo bworoshye hashingiwe ku miterere y'ibintu - polyester itoranywa kugira ngo irambe hanze, fibre ya bamboo cyangwa bamboo kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza, viscose kugira ngo inyure amazi kandi irekure, bigatuma "ibintu bimwe, ibikoresho bimwe, igisubizo kimwe", ihura n'aho ibicuruzwa biherereye n'ibyo abakiriya batandukanye bakeneye.

Ntibitera umujinya: Ibice byica imibu byatoranijwe n'ibikoresho fatizo byubahiriza amahame y'igihugu yo kurengera ibidukikije n'umutekano (nk'ibipimo bya OEKO-TEX® 100, GB 38414-2019 "Ibisabwa mu rwego rw'umutekano ku ndwara y'imibu y'abana bato"), nta byuma bikomeye byangiza cyangwa ibintu bikomoka ku bimera biva mu mubiri. Byakorewe ibizamini by'uburibwe bw'uruhu (nta gutukura, kuribwa, cyangwa ingaruka z'ubwivumbure), kandi bishobora gukoreshwa neza n'ababyeyi n'impinja, uruhu rworoshye, n'ibindi, bitanga amahoro yo mu mutima mu ikoreshwa.

Guhuza uburambe n'uburambe: Uretse imikorere yo kwirukana imibu, ubushobozi bwo guhumeka, koroshya uruhu, no kuramba kw'ibikoresho by'ibanze ntibigira ingaruka - ipamba n'imigozi y'umugano ni byoroshye kandi bifasha uruhu, ibishingwe bya viscose birahumeka kandi birahumeka, ibishingwe bya polyester birakomeye kandi ntibishobora kwihanganira ikirere, bituma iki gicuruzwa kidakora gusa akazi ko kwirukana imibu ahubwo kidatakaza ihumure n'ubuzima bwiza mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, ikwiriye gukoreshwa igihe kirekire cyangwa ikunze gukoreshwa hanze.

Kane. Ingero z'ikoreshwa: Gukorera mu mirima myinshi, kurinda ubuzima buzira umubu

Igitambaro cyacu cyo kwirukana imibu kidafunze, gifite "udupira twinshi + umuti wirukana imibu uramba" ibyiza bibiri, cyakoreshejwe cyane mu ngendo zo hanze, mu kurinda imuhira, kwita ku babyeyi n'abana, no mu kwita ku buzima bw'umuntu ku giti cye, n'ibindi, kiba inkingi ikomeye yo kuvugurura ubuzima bw'ibicuruzwa by'abakiriya, bigatuma abagikoresha barushaho kugira umutekano mu buryo butagira imibu:

Ingendo zo hanze: Hakoreshejwe polyester + viscose substrates, hamwe n'ibice bivura imibu bimara igihe kirekire, ishobora gukorwamo imyenda yo hanze, imyenda irinda izuba, amaboko yirukana imibu, udupfundikizo two gukambika, nibindi, ikarinda neza ibitero by'imibu yo hanze, ikamara amasaha 4-8, ikwiriye gutembera mu misozi, gutembera mu mahema, kuroba, nibindi, bigatuma ingendo zirushaho kuba nziza;

Uburinzi bw'urugo: Hakoreshejwe ipamba / fibre y'imigano, hamwe n'ibinyabutabire by'amavuta y'ingenzi y'ibimera, bishobora gukorwamo imyenda, imyenda y'inzugi, imyenda y'amadirishya, imyenda y'urushundura rw'abana, nibindi, binyuze mu kurekura buhoro impumuro nziza y'imibu, gukora uruzitiro rw'imibu mu nzu, kugabanya ubwiyongere bw'imibu mu rugo, cyane cyane ku miryango ifite abageze mu zabukuru n'abana;

Ahantu ho kwita ku babyeyi n'abana: Hakoreshejwe ipamba, hamwe n'ibice byoroheje kandi bitababaza ibimera karemano, ishobora gukorwamo amashuka yo kwirukana imibu y'abana, imyenda yo kuryamaho y'abana, imyenda yo kwirukana imibu y'abana n'abana, kwirinda kurumwa n'imibu ku ruhu rworoshye rw'impinja, mu gihe idatera umujinya kandi nta mpumuro, irinda ubuzima bw'ababyeyi n'abana;

Ubutaka bw'umuntu ku giti cye: Hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bya viscose + ipamba, hamwe n'ibice byihuta byirukana imibu, bishobora gukorwamo ibikoresho by'ibanze byirukana imibu, imyenda igendanwa yirukana imibu, imyenda ifatana neza (nk'ipantaro y'abana yirukana imibu), n'ibindi, byoroheje kandi byoroshye gutwara, bifite ingaruka nziza zo kwirukana imibu ako kanya, bikwiranye no kujya mu rugendo rwa buri munsi, ahantu hagufi hanze, nibindi, bihaza ibyifuzo by'imibu igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Icya gatanu. Icemezo cy'ikirango: Guhorana ubuziranenge, inyungu rusange

Kuva yashingwa, Changshu Yongdeli Spunlaced Non-Woven Fabric Co., Ltd. yahoraga ifata "ubuziranenge burambye" nk'ishingiro ry'iterambere, inyura mu gikorwa cyose cyo gukora imyenda idafite imibu ivanze n'ubuhanga n'inshingano, irinda ubuzima n'umutekano w'abakiriya n'abayikoresha: Ibikoresho fatizo: Duhitamo cyane abatanga fibre n'abatanga ibikoresho fatizo bivanze n'imibu. Buri cyiciro cy'ibikoresho fatizo kigomba gutanga raporo z'ubugenzuzi bw'ubuziranenge n'ibyemezo by'umutekano. Ibikoresho fatizo birwanya imibu bigomba kandi gutanga raporo z'ibizamini by'imikorere byirukana imibu ku bandi (harimo no gupima uruhu n'igihe bimara). Nyuma yo kongera kubigenzura (imiterere ya fibre, ubuziranenge bw'ibice fatizo birwanya imibu, umutekano), bishobora gukoreshwa gusa iyo byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo birebe ko hari umutekano uturuka aho biherereye;

Umusaruro: Dufite itsinda ry’abahanga mu kugenzura ubuziranenge n’ibikoresho byo gupima neza (nk’ibipimo by’imikorere byirukana imibu, ibipimo by’uburibwe bw’uruhu, n’ibipimo by’umwuka uhumeka). Dukora igenzura ry’ibipimo mu buryo bwihuse ku bimenyetso by’ingenzi nko gukora neza kw’ibice by’umubu, uburinganire bw’ibice byirukana imibu, n’igipimo cyo kwirinda imibu. Buri gice cy’ibicuruzwa kibika ingero kugira ngo bizifashishwe mu gihe kizaza kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibicuruzwa bidafite ibyangombwa byinjira ku isoko;

Isoza rya serivisi: Duha abakiriya serivisi yuzuye iva muri "itumanaho ry'ibikenewe - guhitamo substrate - igishushanyo cy'umuti wica imibu (nk'uguhindura ingano y'ibice byica imibu, guhindura igipimo cy'substrate) - gukora ingero - gukora itsinda - gukurikirana nyuma yo kugurisha". Niba abakiriya bafite ibisabwa byihariye byo gukora ku mibu cyangwa kuba ikwiriye itsinda ry'abayikoresha, dushobora kunoza vuba ibipimo by'imikorere kugira ngo tumenye neza ko ibicuruzwa bihuye neza n'uburyo bikoreshwa.

Mu gihe kiri imbere, tuzakomeza kuyoborwa n' "ibyo abakiriya bakeneye", kongera ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rirwanya imibu (nk'uko twateza imbere ibice bisanzwe birwanya imibu biramba, ibikoresho birwanya imibu byangirika), kwagura ibyiciro by'ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo kubikoresha, kandi tugaharanira kuba umutanga serivisi nziza kandi yoroshye, uhindura ibintu, kandi utanga serivisi z'umwuga mu bijyanye n'imyenda idafunze irwanya imibu. Tuzakorana n'abakiriya kugira ngo tugere ku ntego y'iterambere ry'igihe kirekire ari yo "ubufatanye burambye, inyungu rusange n'inyungu rusange", kandi dufatanye kurinda ubuzima bwiza bw'abakoresha.