Imyenda ya Airgel
Isoko ry'igice:
Ⅰ. Imikorere yibanze: Ibyiza byo guhuza imbaragaumurongona airgel
Imikorere ya spunumurongoairgel idoda idoda nigisubizo cyo guhuza tekinoloji ebyiri. Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga harimo:
· Guhinduka no kuba inshuti-uruhu :.spunlaceinzira ihuza fibre munsi yumuvuduko mwinshi wamazi, bikavamo ibintu byoroshye kandi byiza kubicuruzwa byarangiye, nta kwishongora. Birakwiriye guhura muburyo butaziguye numubiri wumuntu cyangwa ibintu bisaba kuzunguruka no gushushanya.
· Gukoresha neza cyane + Ibiremereye: Imiterere ya nano-porous ya airgel iha ibikoresho ibintu bitwara ubushyuhe buke cyane (mubisanzwe <0.025 W / (m · K)), kandi uburemere rusange ni bworoshye (30% -60% byoroheje ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo), bitongereye umutwaro wo gukoresha.
· Guhumeka no kurwanya ubushyuhe: Imiterere yuzuye yaspunlaceimyenda idoda ikomeza guhumeka neza, wirinda kumva ubushyuhe bwo gufatwa; iyo ihujwe na aerogels idafite ingufu (nka silika), irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 600 ° C, kandi ifite imiterere-yumuriro.
· Gutunganya byoroshye: Irashobora gukata, kudoda, kumurika, kandi irakwiriye ibisabwa bigoye, nta guta umusatsi cyangwa gukubita, no kuramba neza.
II. Porogaramu isanzwe
1. Kurinda umuntu kugiti cye nibikoresho byambarwa
· Imyenda ikingira ubukonje:
Nkimbere yimbere cyangwa igipande cyimyambarire yubukonje (nkamakoti yubukonje, amakositimu ya ski, hamwe n’umuyaga wo hanze), itanga uburyo bwiza bwo gukingira ahantu hakonje cyane (-20 ° C kugeza kuri 50 ° C), mugihe ikomeza ubworoherane nubuhumekero bwimyenda, ikirinda ibyiyumvo bikumirwa biterwa no kuzuza gakondo. Kurugero: hafi yubushyuhe bukwiranye nubushakashatsi bwa polar, imisozi miremire, cyangwa imyenda yoroheje yubukonje bukabije kubakozi bo hanze.
· Kurinda ubushyuhe bwo hejuru:
Ikoreshwa nk'imbere mu ntoki kugira ngo ushushe ubushyuhe, abarinzi b'intoki, hamwe na feri muri metallurgie, gusudira, no kuzimya umuriro, ntibibuza gusa imishwarara yo mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru (kwihanganira igihe gito kugeza kuri 300-500 ° C) ariko kandi ihuza n'imikorere y'umubiri w'umuntu bitewe n'ubworoherane bwayo, bigatuma imikorere ihinduka. Ugereranije nibikoresho gakondo byubushyuhe bukabije, birakwiriye cyane kubintu bisaba kugenda kenshi.
Ibikoresho byo gutabara byihutirwa:
Gukora ibiringiti byokwirinda umuriro hamwe na ponchos yubushyuhe bwihutirwa, bidashya cyangwa bitonyanga iyo bihuye numuriro, kandi biremereye kandi byoroshye gutwara, bikwiriye gukingirwa byihutirwa mumuriro mumazu, mumaduka, nibindi.
2. Inzego zubuvuzi nubuzima
Ubuvuzi bukonje bukonje:
Nkibikoresho byimbere byinkingo, icyitegererezo cyibinyabuzima, hamwe nagasanduku ko gutwara amaraso, bikomeza ibidukikije byo hasi (nkubukonje bwa 2-8 ° C cyangwa ubukonje bukabije -80 ° C) binyuze mumashanyarazi neza, mugihe biterwa na sterile yaspunlaceimyenda idoda (irashobora kwanduzwa), irinda kwanduza ibikoresho byubuvuzi. Imiterere yoroheje nayo irakwiriye gupfunyika ibikoresho byubuvuzi bidasanzwe.
· Ibikoresho byitaweho nyuma yubuvuzi:
Ikoreshwa nk'urwego rwo hanze rwambara ibikomere bisaba kurinda ubushyuhe burigihe, nko gutwika no gukonja, itandukanya ubushyuhe bwo hanze mugihe ihumeka kandi itabize ibyuya, bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura ibikomere.
3. Inganda n'ibikoresho byoroheje
· Ibikoresho bito byerekana ibikoresho:
Gupfunyika ibishishwa by'ibikoresho byo mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru (nk'itanura rya laboratoire, ibikoresho byo gushyushya byoroshye) cyangwa urukuta rw'imbere rw'ibikoresho byo mu bushyuhe buke (nk'udusanduku duto two gukonjesha, imashini ikonjesha ya semiconductor), kugera ku buso bunoze mu mwanya muto, kandi bitewe n'ubworoherane bwabyo, birashobora guhuza ubuso bugoramye bw'ibikoresho, bitongereye ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho.
Kurinda ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki:
Nkuko ubushyuhe bwo kubika ubushyuhe hagati ya selile ya bateri (nka bateri ya drone hamwe n’ibinyabiziga bito by’amashanyarazi) , ibuza kohereza ubushyuhe mugihe cyo kwishyuza bateri no gusohora , kandi kubera imiterere yoroheje kandi yoroheje , ikiza umwanya wimbere mumapaki ya bateri kandi ikanatezimbere ubwinshi bwingufu ; irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkurwego rwo kubika ubushyuhe kubice bikoresha ubushyuhe bwa elegitoronike (nk'amatara ya LED , moteri) kugirango ikwirakwize ubushyuhe.
4. Ibicuruzwa byo munzu n'ibicuruzwa
Ibikoresho byo kubika ibikoresho :
Nkugukingira inzugi zimiryango ya microwave , ziko , fries zo mu kirere , cyangwa gufata intoki za mashini yikawa hamwe nicyuma cyamashanyarazi , kugabanya ubushyuhe mugihe ukomeza urumuri no gukorakora neza kubigize.
Ibicuruzwa byo mu rugo :
Gukora imifuka yo kuryama yumwana, ibiringiti byubushyuhe bishaje, imyenda yimbere yo gukambika hanze imifuka yo kuryamaho, hamwe nimyenda yimbere kumakoti yamanutse (ashobora kuvurwa kugirango wirinde gutakaza igihombo), hitabwa kubitekerezo, ubworoherane hamwe ninshuti. Cyane cyane kibereye abantu bumva ibikoresho (nk'impinja, abasaza).
5. Ibikoresho byihariye bifasha ibikoresho
· Ikirere cyoroheje cyo mu kirere : Kubice byimbere byogukoresha ubushyuhe bwimbere bwibyogajuru bito hamwe nindege zitagira abapilote, cyangwa ibikoresho byoguhindura ubushyuhe bwimyanya ndangagitsina byimyanya ndangagitsina idasanzwe, birashobora kugabanya uburemere mugihe irwanya ubushyuhe bukabije (kuva -100 ℃ kugeza hejuru ya 100 ℃).
· Imodoka yimbere yimbere:
Nka pisine yumuriro hagati yicyuma cya moteri nububiko bwabashoferi, cyangwa urwego rwimashanyarazi rwimbere rwimbere yimodoka yimodoka, bigabanya ubushyuhe buturuka kuri moteri kwinjira mumodoka, mugihe byoroshye kandi ntibitange amajwi adasanzwe, bityo bikazamura ubworoherane bwo gutwara.
III. Ibyiza byo gusaba hamwe nibishoboka byiterambere
Agaciro shingiro ka airgel spunumurongoimyenda idoda ikozwe muburyo bwo kuringaniza "imikorere inoze" na "uburambe bwabakoresha" - ntabwo ikemura gusa ikibazo cyubukonje bukabije bwa aerogel hamwe ningorabahizi mugutunganya, ahubwo binuzuza ikibazo cyo kubura spun isanzweumurongoimyenda idoda idafite ubushobozi bwo kurinda ubushyuhe bukabije. Kugabanuka kw'igiciro cya airgel no gukura kwa spunumurongouburyo bukomatanyije (nkuburyo bwo kwibiza, uburyo bwo gutera), gukoreshwa muburyo bwa gisivili bworoheje bworoheje, kubika ibikoresho neza nibindi bice bizamenyekana cyane. By'umwihariko muri ssenariyo isabwa cyane "guhinduka + gukora cyane", biteganijwe ko izasimbuza buhoro buhoro ibikoresho gakondo.